Image-based deep learning classifies macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy using retinal optical coherence tomography images and has potential for generalized applications in biomedical image interpretation and medical decision making.
Summary
The implementation of clinical-decision support algorithms for medical imaging faces challenges with reliability and interpretability. Here, we establish a diagnostic tool based on a deep-learning framework for the screening of patients with common treatable blinding retinal diseases. Our framework utilizes transfer learning, which trains a neural network with a fraction of the data of conventional approaches. Applying this approach to a dataset of optical coherence tomography images, we demonstrate performance comparable to that of human experts in classifying age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema.
We also provide a more transparent and interpretable diagnosis by highlighting the regions recognized by the neural network. We further demonstrate the general applicability of our AI system for diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia using chest X-ray images. This tool may ultimately aid in expediting the diagnosis and referral of these treatable conditions, thereby facilitating earlier treatment, resulting in improved clinical outcomes.
Highlights
An artificial intelligence system using transfer learning techniques was developed
It effectively classified images for macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy
It also accurately distinguished bacterial and viral pneumonia on chest X-rays
This has potential for generalized high-impact application in biomedical imaging
Daniel S. Kermany
Michael Goldbaum
Wenjia Cai
M. Anthony Lewis
Huimin Xia
Kang Zhang…..
